Category: Eczema Treatment

Dyshidrotic eczema, also known as pompholyx or dyshidrosis, is a type of eczema that affects the hands and feet. Characterized by small, itchy blisters, dyshidrotic eczema can be a chronic and recurring condition that significantly impacts a person’s quality of life. This article provides a comprehensive overview of dyshidrotic eczema, including its symptoms, causes, treatment options, and preventive measures.

What Is Dyshidrotic Eczema?

Dyshidrotic eczema is a skin condition that primarily affects the palms of the hands, sides of the fingers, and soles of the feet. The condition manifests as small, fluid-filled blisters that cause intense itching and discomfort. These blisters can persist for several weeks, causing significant pain and potentially leading to skin cracking and infection.

Epidemiology

Dyshidrotic eczema is relatively common, affecting approximately 1 in 5,000 people. It can occur at any age but is most frequently seen in adults aged 20 to 40. The condition tends to be more prevalent in warmer climates and during spring and summer months.

What Are The Different Types of Dyshidrotic Eczema?

Dyshidrotic eczema, also known as pompholyx, is a specific type of eczema that affects the hands and feet. While it is generally considered a single condition, dyshidrotic eczema can present in various forms, which can be classified based on severity, chronicity, and underlying triggers. Here, we’ll explore these variations in detail.

1. Acute Dyshidrotic Eczema

Characteristics:

• Sudden onset of symptoms.
• Development of small, intensely itchy blisters on the palms, sides of the fingers, and soles of the feet.
• The blisters are often filled with a clear fluid and can cause significant discomfort.

Causes:

• Acute flare-ups may be triggered by stress, allergens, or exposure to irritants.
• Changes in weather or humidity levels can also provoke an acute episode.

Symptoms:

• Intense itching and burning sensation.
• Redness and swelling around the blistered areas.

Treatment:

• Topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation.
• Cold compresses to alleviate itching.
• Avoiding known triggers to prevent future flare-ups.

2. Chronic Dyshidrotic Eczema

Characteristics:

• Persistent or recurring episodes over a long period.
• Skin thickening (lichenification) and fissures due to chronic scratching and inflammation.

Causes:

• Ongoing exposure to irritants or allergens.
• Underlying medical conditions like atopic dermatitis.

Symptoms:

• Continuous or frequently recurring blisters.
• Dry, cracked, and thickened skin.

Treatment:

• Long-term use of emollients to maintain skin hydration.
• Topical or oral corticosteroids during flare-ups.
• Lifestyle modifications to minimize exposure to triggers.

 

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3. Recurrent Dyshidrotic Eczema

Characteristics:

• Episodes that occur in cycles, with periods of remission in between.
• Blisters reappear periodically, often without an apparent trigger.

Causes:

• Allergens, stress, or other environmental factors that periodically affect the patient.

Symptoms:

• Similar to acute dyshidrotic eczema but with intermittent flare-ups.
• Clear fluid-filled blisters, itching, and redness.

Treatment:

• Preventive measures during remission phases, such as maintaining a consistent skincare routine.
• Quick intervention with topical treatments at the onset of symptoms.

4. Hyperkeratotic Dyshidrotic Eczema

Characteristics:

• Development of thick, scaly patches on the hands and feet.
• Often accompanied by fewer blisters compared to other forms.

Causes:

• Chronic irritation and inflammation.
• Genetic predisposition to hyperkeratosis.

Symptoms:

• Thickened, scaly skin that can crack and bleed.
• Mild to moderate itching.

Treatment:

• Keratolytic agents like salicylic acid to reduce skin thickening.
• Emollients to soften the skin.
• Topical steroids for inflammation.

5. Vesicular Dyshidrotic Eczema

Characteristics:

• Presence of numerous small vesicles (blisters) filled with clear fluid.
• Blisters are more numerous and can merge to form larger bullae.

Causes:

• Similar triggers as other forms, including allergens, stress, and irritants.

Symptoms:

• Intense itching and burning sensation.
• Blisters that may rupture, leading to crusting and potential secondary infection.

Treatment:

• Antihistamines to control itching.
• Antiseptic soaks to prevent infection.
• Topical steroids for severe inflammation.

6. Infective Dyshidrotic Eczema

Characteristics:

• Secondary bacterial or fungal infection superimposed on dyshidrotic eczema.
• Increased severity and risk of complications.

Causes:

• Open blisters and cracked skin can become infected with bacteria (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus) or fungi (e.g., Candida species).

Symptoms:

• Increased redness, swelling, and pain.
• Pus formation and potential fever.

Treatment:

• Antibiotics or antifungal medications to treat the infection.
• Continued use of moisturizers and topical steroids once the infection is controlled.

7. Allergic Dyshidrotic Eczema

Characteristics:

• Triggered by an allergic reaction to substances such as metals (nickel), certain foods, or topical products.
• Blisters appear after contact with or ingestion of the allergen.

Causes:

• Allergic contact dermatitis can provoke dyshidrotic eczema in susceptible individuals.

Symptoms:

• Blistering, itching, and redness localized to areas in contact with the allergen.
• Systemic symptoms if caused by ingested allergens.

Treatment:

• Identification and avoidance of the allergen.
• Topical steroids to reduce allergic inflammation.
• Antihistamines to control itching.

Symptoms of Dyshidrotic Eczema

Primary Symptoms

1. Blisters: Small, fluid-filled blisters that typically appear on the fingers, palms, and soles. These blisters can be extremely itchy and painful.
2. Itching: Intense itching is a hallmark of dyshidrotic eczema, often preceding the appearance of blisters.
3. Redness: The affected areas may become red and inflamed.
4. Cracking and Peeling: As blisters heal, the skin may crack, peel, and become painful.

Secondary Symptoms

1. Pain: Severe itching and blistering can lead to significant pain, especially if the skin cracks or becomes infected.
2. Swelling: Affected areas may swell due to inflammation and fluid buildup.
3. Dryness: Skin may become dry and scaly after blisters resolve.
4. Infection: Open blisters and cracked skin can become infected, leading to increased pain, pus formation, and other complications.

Complications

1. Skin Infections: Bacterial infections can develop if blisters or cracked skin are not properly managed.
2. Scarring: Repeated episodes and chronic inflammation can lead to permanent skin changes and scarring.
3. Psychosocial Impact: Persistent symptoms can affect mental health, causing stress, anxiety, and social embarrassment.

 

What Are The Causes of Dyshidrotic Eczema?

Genetic Factors

1. Family History: A family history of eczema or other atopic conditions can increase the risk of developing dyshidrotic eczema.
2. Genetic Mutations: Certain genetic mutations, particularly those affecting skin barrier function, may predispose individuals to this condition.

Environmental Factors

1. Allergens: Exposure to allergens such as pollen, dust mites, and pet dander can trigger dyshidrotic eczema in susceptible individuals.
2. Irritants: Contact with irritants like soaps, detergents, and chemicals can exacerbate symptoms.
3. Climate: Warm, humid climates and seasonal changes can influence the severity and frequency of outbreaks.

Lifestyle Factors

1. Stress: Psychological stress is a known trigger for dyshidrotic eczema flare-ups.
2. Diet: Certain foods, such as those high in nickel or cobalt, may trigger symptoms in some individuals.
3. Hygiene Practices: Excessive washing and use of harsh skin products can damage the skin barrier and exacerbate symptoms.

Medical Conditions

1. Atopic Dermatitis: Individuals with a history of atopic dermatitis are more likely to develop dyshidrotic eczema.
2. Allergies: Allergic conditions, including hay fever and asthma, are often associated with dyshidrotic eczema.
3. Infections: Fungal infections on the feet or hands can trigger dyshidrotic eczema in some cases.

Diagnosis of Dyshidrotic Eczema

Clinical Evaluation

1. Medical History: A detailed medical history, including any family history of eczema or allergies, helps in diagnosing dyshidrotic eczema.
2. Physical Examination: A dermatologist will examine the skin, noting the characteristic blisters and pattern of distribution.

Diagnostic Tests

1. Skin Biopsy: A biopsy may be performed to rule out other conditions that mimic dyshidrotic eczema, such as contact dermatitis or fungal infections.
2. Patch Testing: Patch testing can identify specific allergens that may be triggering the eczema.
3. Blood Tests: Blood tests may be used to check for underlying conditions or infections that could be contributing to symptoms.

Treatment of Dyshidrotic Eczema

Topical Treatments

1. Corticosteroids: Topical corticosteroids are commonly prescribed to reduce inflammation and itching. They are applied directly to the affected areas.
2. Calcineurin Inhibitors: Non-steroidal options such as tacrolimus and pimecrolimus can help manage symptoms with fewer side effects than steroids.
3. Moisturizers: Emollients and moisturizers are essential for maintaining skin hydration and barrier function.

Oral Medications

1. Antihistamines: Oral antihistamines can help reduce itching and improve sleep.
2. Corticosteroids: For severe cases, oral corticosteroids may be prescribed to quickly control inflammation.
3. Immunosuppressants: Medications like cyclosporine or methotrexate may be used in severe, refractory cases.

Phototherapy

1. UV Therapy: Ultraviolet light therapy, particularly narrowband UVB, can be effective in reducing symptoms for some patients.

Lifestyle and Home Remedies of Dyshidrotic Eczema

1. Cold Compresses: Applying cold compresses to affected areas can reduce itching and inflammation.
2. Avoiding Triggers: Identifying and avoiding triggers, such as certain foods, stress, or allergens, can help manage symptoms.
3. Good Hygiene Practices: Using mild soaps and moisturizers, and avoiding excessive washing, can help protect the skin barrier.

Alternative Treatments

1. Natural Remedies: Some patients find relief using natural treatments such as coconut oil, aloe vera, or apple cider vinegar.
2. Acupuncture: Although not widely studied, some individuals report benefits from acupuncture.

Preventive Measures

1. Skin Care Routine: Establishing a consistent skin care routine with gentle, hydrating products is crucial.
2. Protective Clothing: Wearing gloves when handling irritants and breathable fabrics can help prevent flare-ups.
3. Stress Management: Techniques such as yoga, meditation, and counseling can help manage stress levels.

Conclusion

Dyshidrotic eczema is a challenging condition that requires a multifaceted approach to management. Understanding the symptoms, causes, and treatment options can empower patients to take control of their condition and improve their quality of life. By working closely with a dermatologist and implementing preventive measures, individuals with dyshidrotic eczema can achieve better skin health and reduce the impact of this chronic condition on their daily lives.

 

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Nummular eczema, also known as discoid eczema or nummular dermatitis, presents a unique set of challenges for those affected. In this comprehensive article, we delve into the intricacies of this skin disorder, focusing on its treatment options, various types, underlying causes, and hallmark symptoms.

What Is Nummular Eczema?

Nummular eczema, characterized by coin-shaped patches of irritated skin, can significantly impact an individual’s quality of life. From its distinct appearance to its persistent itching and discomfort, this disorder manifests in diverse ways, often requiring tailored management strategies.

7  Types of Nummular Eczema?

Nummular Eczema Disorder Treatment Options

Managing nummular eczema involves a combination of medical treatments, skincare practices, and lifestyle modifications tailored to individual needs. Here are some treatment options commonly recommended for nummular eczema:

1. Topical Corticosteroids: These anti-inflammatory medications are often prescribed to reduce inflammation and itching associated with nummular eczema. They come in varying strengths and are applied directly to affected areas for a specified duration under medical supervision.
2. Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors: Another class of topical medications, calcineurin inhibitors like tacrolimus and pimecrolimus, can be used as alternatives to corticosteroids, especially for sensitive areas like the face and neck. They help modulate the immune response and alleviate symptoms.
3. Emollients and Moisturizers: Regular application of emollients and moisturizers helps hydrate the skin, strengthen the skin barrier, and reduce dryness associated with nummular eczema. Choose fragrance-free, hypoallergenic products and apply them liberally throughout the day, particularly after bathing.
4. Wet Dressings: Wet wrap therapy involves applying moistened bandages or garments over topical medications to enhance their effectiveness and provide additional hydration to the skin. This technique can help soothe inflamed skin and accelerate healing.
5. Phototherapy: Light therapy, or phototherapy, exposes the affected skin to controlled doses of ultraviolet (UV) light, which helps reduce inflammation and itching. Phototherapy may be administered under medical supervision in specialized clinics.
6. Antihistamines: Oral antihistamines such as cetirizine, loratadine, or diphenhydramine can help alleviate itching and promote better sleep, especially if itching worsens at night.
7. Avoiding Triggers: Identify and avoid triggers that exacerbate nummular eczema symptoms, such as harsh soaps, hot water, wool clothing, certain fabrics, and environmental allergens. Opt for gentle, fragrance-free skincare products and clothing made from soft, breathable materials.
8. Prescription Medications: In severe cases or when other treatments fail to provide adequate relief, your healthcare provider may prescribe oral corticosteroids, oral immunosuppressants, or other systemic medications to manage inflammation and symptoms.
9. Wound Care: Proper wound care is essential for nummular eczema with secondary infection. This may involve gentle cleansing of the affected area, applying topical antibiotics or antifungal agents as prescribed, and keeping the skin clean and dry to prevent further infection.
10. Stress Management: Stress can exacerbate eczema symptoms, so practicing stress-reduction techniques such as mindfulness, meditation, yoga, or deep breathing exercises may help manage flare-ups.

It’s important to work closely with a healthcare provider, such as a dermatologist or allergist, to develop a personalized treatment plan tailored to your specific condition, medical history, and lifestyle. Regular follow-up appointments can monitor progress and adjust treatment as needed to optimize outcomes and improve quality of life.

Conclusion

Nummular eczema presents a complex puzzle for both patients and healthcare providers. By delving into its treatment options, types, causes, and symptoms, individuals gain a deeper understanding of this enigmatic disorder. Armed with knowledge and awareness, they can navigate their nummular eczema journey with confidence, seeking effective interventions and support along the way.

 

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Table of contents

• Introduction
• What are Probiotics?
• Why consider probiotics in eczema patients?
• How should you start probiotics?
• Topical probiotics for eczema
• Conclusion

Introduction

Eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin condition commonly suffered by many people. It affects between 5-20% of people at some point in their life. Numerous clinical trials are on the way and probiotics for eczema are thought to be an effective eczema treatment. Although many doctors are using them increasingly to treat eczema, according to a research review published in Cochrane Database of systemic Reviews,it is suggested that probiotics may not be an effective eczema treatment and the use of probiotics is not evidence based. However, there is no harm in using them and evidence do not show an increase of adverse events. Future research is needed to know the exact benefits of probiotics in treating eczema.

The symptoms of eczema can be annoying. Apart from dry sensitive skin, the itching can be severe, especially at night. You may suffer from loss of sleep due to this. Thickened, scaly, crusty skin with red patches can be unsightly. Sometimes these lesions become raw, swollen and ooze pus. Having lesions on hands and visible areas of the body can affect your job and relationships. Having eczema can severely affect your quality of life. Eczema is not a curable disease and it can give rise to many flare-ups during your life time.

Dealing with eczema can be challenging. Can probiotics be the answer?

What are Probiotics?

Our bodies are full of good and bad bacteria. Probiotics are considered as good bacteria, because they keep our gut healthy. Probiotics are live microorganisms taken by mouth. Mostly probiotics include Lactobacillus bacteria and yeast. They are naturally found in yogurt and unpasteurized milk. Kefir, miso, kombucha, Kimchi, dark chocolate, raw cheese and apple cider vinegar are also rich in probiotics. So, depending on the diet, you may be eating foods that contain probitocs already. Probiotics are known to provide healthy digestion.

Probiotics are available as supplements that commonly contain Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. These live bacteria in probiotics protect the gut wall by attaching to it and control the growth of undesirable bacteria. This promotes a healthy balance of gut bacteria while improving the function of your gut.

Although the exact impact on eczema by probiotic use is not clear, there are other proven benefits. Probiotics are known to;

• Boost your immunity
• Improve your digestion and improving the gut health
• Help in preventing urinary tract infections

Research suggest that if a pregnant mother takes probitocs prenatally, the incidence of eczema in children will be reduced. However, supplementing probiotics in pregnancy must be done with caution by a doctor.

Why consider probiotics in eczema patients?

Eczema gives rise to dry skin with red, itchy rash with or without oozing. Scratching can make the lesions bleed and your skin can become thick and crusty. Eczema can greatly affect your quality of life.  Research has found that patients with eczema have different bacteria in their gut when compared to people who do not have eczema. Sometimes there is associated inflammation in their guts. Research suggests that if this mix of gut bacteria is changed or inflammation of the gut is reduced, eczema symptoms can be reduced too.

Evidence shows that bacteria colonies living on the skins of eczema patients are also different from those who don’t have it. As with the gut, the skin’s micro biome is not as diverse in people with eczema. This can leave it vulnerable for the bad bacteria to grow and proliferate. Staphylococcus is an example for a bad bacteria which proliferates on skin especially in people with eczema. Staphylococcus is a bacteria that is linked with flare- ups of eczema. It can trigger inflammatory response on their skin. Those who have eczema tend to have larger populations of this bacteria on their skin.

The aim of topical probiotic therapy is to build a healthier and more diverse skin micro biome in people with eczema. This is done by introducing the right strains of good bacteria on to the skin of eczema patients. This multitude of good bacteria will help to keep the harmful bad bacteria strains in check.

Eczema is associated with your immune system and the immune response is faulty. Probiotics are known to boost the immunity. So they may work in controlling eczema by reducing the immune reaction. Treatment with probiotics should be continued for at least 6 weeks to 3 months to see results.However, currently available probiotics show minimal difference in reducing eczema symptoms especially itching and loss of sleep.

Emollients (moisturizers) and topical steroids are found to be effective in controlling eczema along with antihistamines to reduce itching. Using these treatments in combination with probiotics will provide the best benefit for eczema. Adding probiotics to your diet or taking them as supplements can reduce the number of eczema flare-ups you get.

How should you start probiotics?

If you think of adding probiotics to your diet or take it as a supplement discuss with your doctor or a dermatologist first. Your doctor will help you in prescribing the best combination of probitocs and where to find it.

There are over the counter probiotic supplements. If you decide to use them, make sure to read the instructions and follow them accordingly. Always take the supplement with food because taking them on an empty stomach can give rise to side effects. Before going for supplements try to consume probiotic rich natural foods.

It is best to consult your doctor before starting probiotic supplements if you suffer from bowel conditions, other chronic diseases or a compromised immune system. If you take a probiotic supplement for the first time or change to another brand, you might experience certain symptoms like gas, diarrhea and heart burn until your body adjusts to the supplement. It will be beneficial if you start with a lower dose and gradually increase to full dose.

Topical probiotics for eczema

Research have also been done on topical probiotics to see how it affects the skin. Although this concept is still new, the research has so far been promising towards eczema. Topical probiotic strain namely Roseomonas mucosa can be helpful in treating eczema. This bacteria is found naturally on our skin. There are topical probiotic lotions produced using this bacteria. A study published in 2018 found that using Roseomonas mucosa containing lotion has been effective in reducing the amount of staphylococcus on the skin. Those who applied this lotion regularly, claimed that their severity of eczema was improved.

Another study published in Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology found that a lotion containing the probiotic Lactobacillus johnsonii significantly improved eczema clinically. Therefore various strains of Lactobacillus are found to be effective as topical probiotic treatment as they have the ability to reduce the staphylococcus bacteria on skin.

Small sample size is one of the main drawbacks in these studies. More research is needed to understand the impact of topical probiotics on eczema; whether there is actually a benefit.

Conclusion

Since the effectiveness of probiotics in treatment of eczema is not proven yet, it is important to note that we should not rely solely on probiotics alone as eczema treatment. As there are no increase of adverse effects, it can be used as complementary treatment for eczema. You may also benefit by strengthened immune system and improvement of your gut health by using probiotics. Research offers promising results.

References:

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6517242/
• https://nationaleczema.org/search-bacterial-balance/

 

 

Table of contents

• Introduction
• Hand eczema versus hand fungus?
• What are the risk factors to develop hand fungus? 
• What are the causes of hand eczema?
• What are the symptoms of hand fungus?
• Treatment of hand fungus
• Treatment of hand eczema
• Summary

Introduction

Just like you can get fungal infections on your feet, it is possible to develop fungus in your hands. Hand fungus is called ‘Tinea manuum’ but commonly known as ring worm infection. In Tinea manuum, there is a red, scaly rash with a slightly raised border which is shaped like a ring. Commonly you can get it by touching your groin or feet if they are also infected with Tinea or by touching fungus contaminated objects, soil or infected persons. also infected with Tinea or by touching fungus contaminated objects, soil or infected persons. So it is important and get hand fungus treatment.

Sometimes you may falsely identify a hand fungus as hand eczema as they may have certain similarities. Sometimes both these conditions can be associated with each other.

When eczema arises in your hands it is called hand dermatitis or hand eczema. It is a chronic long- lasting skin condition which is also as common as fungal infections. Hand eczema may lead to severe negative effects on the quality of your life and even on your social status. Hand fungus treatment is therefore mandatory.

Eczema or fungus on your hands will be visible as it is difficult to hide, that may be quite embarrassing when you are among others. It will especially affect negatively on people who use their hands for the occupation such as the chefs, attendants and salon workers. Eczema is not contagious, but hand fungus is. Both these skin conditions can be quite severe, but they are not life threatening.

Hand eczema versus hand fungus

Fungal infection and hand eczema may seem similar as both are red, itchy rashes. Hand fungus typically has a raised border commonly with central clearing. The appearance is like a ring. Hand eczema doesn’t have a raised border and middle of the rash does not clear as the rash spread. So there is difference between hand fungus and hand eczema.

Commonly hand fungus affects only one hand, although you may develop it on both hands. Hand eczema is commonly bilateral and symmetrical. Hand eczema can get several flares and remissions while not responding to over the counter antifungal medications. Even after treatment, eczema can only be controlled and can reappear. However, hand fungus will respond to OTC antifungals and may clear off completely if you treat it properly. If partially treated hand fungus can reappear too and if you develop resistance to treatment, the future treatment of the rash will be difficult.

Hand eczema can be genetic and may run in families. Hand fungus is not familial, but often family members can get infected by close contact as it is contagious.

Although hand fungus can sometimes have associated nail involvement, in hand eczema nails are not involved.

What are the risk factors to develop hand fungus?

• Those who do sports that involve close skin contact
• Those using public showers like in gyms etc.
• Sharing things with infected people such as towels, tools
• Those who handle or be around animals as Tinea can spread from animals including cats, dogs and cows.
• Those who wear tight fitting gloves
• If you sweat too much on your hands

What are the causes of hand eczema?

Hand eczema may be related to occupational exposure or house hold activities. It often affects people who are in to catering, cleaning, hair dressing, mechanical work and health care as they frequently come in to contact with chemicals and other irritating substances.

It is a chronic skin condition which is multifactorial. Contact allergens and irritant substances play a role in triggering hand eczema. The exact cause of hand eczema is unknown. There can be a genetic association for hand eczema and it can run in atopic families. Atopy is the genetic tendency to develop allergic conditions like eczema, asthma and hay fever. Stress can be a risk factor for hand eczema.

As hand eczema is not contagious you cannot ‘catch it’ from another person or spread it to others.

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What are the symptoms of hand fungus?

• The infection usually starts on your palm and may spread to other areas like the back of your hands and fingers.
• The rash may start small and get larger gradually with time.
• Itchy, red rash with raised border and the outer surface appears scaly
• Peeling and flaking of the area
• Sometimes the fungus can affect your nails which is called onychomycosis or Tinea unguium. Then your nails can get brittle. They appear discolored, thickened and your nail may get separated from the nail bed.

Sometimes a blistering rash on the edges of your palms and fingers may be caused by the fungi. They appear as crops and will contain a sticky clear fluid. They may have a peeling edge. This rash can itch and burn. The reason why hand fungus treatment is necessary.

What are the symptoms of hand eczema?

• Itching which may be severe – this is a common symptom in almost all hand eczemas.
• If you scratch continuously the rash can become raw, sensitive and swollen.
• Skin lesions are red and inflamed. Swelling can occur due to inflammation.
• The skin of your hand is usually dry and sensitive.
• There can be small raised bumps that may leak fluid.
• Oozing and crusting especially when scratched
• Red or brownish grey dark patches may appear on your hands
• Long standing hand eczema can give rise to leathery, scaly, cracked and thickened lesions.

Treatment of hand fungus

If your hand fungus is mild, you can use an over the counter anti-fungal cream such as micanazole or clotrimazole. If your rash does not respond, seek help from your doctor or a dermatologist. He or she may prescribe a stronger topical anti-fungal agent. A course of oral antifungal medicine will be added if your lesions are severe or when the rash does not respond to topical treatment alone.

You have to make sure that you stick to the treatment regime as incomplete treatment can lead to resistant forms of fungi.

To prevent further fungal infections avoid touching contaminated objects, soil or animals unnecessarily. Do not share towels or other personal items. Avoid using common tools unless it is necessary. Avoid using public showers if possible. All these things comes under hand fungus treatment and therefor important to apply.

Treatment of hand eczema

Unfortunately there is no cure for hand eczema, but you can successfully control it. Try these home remedies to soothe your lesions.

• Avoid scratching as it can worsen hand eczema.
• Identify and avoid triggers that worsen your hand eczema – triggers like pollen, dust, certain foods, strong soaps and detergents,excessive sweating and smoking can worsen hand eczema.
• Avoid strong soaps and detergents. If you must use them, wear gloves to protect your hands. Use cotton gloves when doing chores.
• Use a mild soap or a fragrance free cleanser when bathing and washing hands. Pat dry your hands using a soft towel. Do not rub or wipe hard.
• When you need to clean your hands use lukewarm water instead of hot water.
• Moisturize your hands well with a good emollient. Get a good hand cream to apply frequently in order to prevent them from drying. Make sure to use an emollient that is alcohol and paraben free with minimal fragrance. If you need help to select the best moisturizer that is suitable for your skin, discuss with your doctor or a dermatologist. Apply moisturizer after a bath and soon after washing hands while your skin is still damp. It helps to absorb and lock in moisture.
• You can use cold compresses to help soothe your skin especially if it is raw.
• Over the counter creams like Hydrocortisone can be applied over your lesions. Hydrocortisone is a mild steroid and an anti-itch cream. More potent steroid creams and ointments may be prescribed by your doctor if your lesions are severe (Betamethasone, Mometasone, clobetasol).
• You can try over the counter antihistamines like Fexofenadine, Cetirizine,Chlorpheniramine, or Loritidine to reduce your itching. Read the instruction leaflet prior to taking any OTC medication.

If your hand eczema does not respond to over the counter medications and home remedies, seek help as stronger medications need to be prescribed. If you think that a certain substance at work or home is the culprit behind your eczema, your doctor will do a ‘patch test’ to identify which irritants or allergens are responsible. Your doctor will also discuss the practices and behaviors that may be contributing to your hand eczema and ways to avoid or modify them.

In summary

Hand fungus is clinically differentiated from hand eczema by following signs.

• Most hand fungus affect only a single hand.
• If both your hands are affected, the involvement is not symmetrical.
• Skin markings become white because the surface is scaling. But in hand eczema skin markings will be increased.
• The Tinea rash has a raised border
• Nearby nails can get affected (Tinea unguium)

 

Hand eczema can get complicated with skin infections. This is because of repeated scratching that destroys your skin barrier leading to cracks and open sores. Skin infections can occur with bacteria, viruses and fungi on a hand with eczema.

When your hand eczema gets a superadded fungal infection, it may give a mixed picture.

The itching will be more as both conditions are known to itch. Scratching can lead to erosions and even oozing. Fungal infection can occur especially when you have wet eczema. Fungus thrives on warm moist skin. Treatment will be difficult as the steroids which are used to treat eczema can worsen the fungal infection. Therefore, oral antifungal medications like Itraconazole or Terbinafine may be needed. Sometimes treatment will take a course of 4-6 weeks to eradicate the fungus. Then the eczema can be controlled with local application of steroids.

References:

https://dermnetnz.org/topics/tinea-manuum

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9884898/

https://nationaleczema.org/eczema/types-of-eczema/hand-eczema/

 

 

 

Table of Content

• • • What is Eczema?
    • How can Eczema be Treated?
    • What are the Symptoms of Eczema?
    • What are the Natural Treatments of Eczema?
      • Colloidal Oatmeal
      • Coconut Oil
      • Evening Primrose Oil (EPO)
      • Witch Hazel
      • Aloe vera gel
      • Sunflower oil
      • Calendula Oil and cream
    • Acupuncture and Acupressure for Eczema
    • Relaxation Techniques to Fight Stress
    • Why seek alternative treatment for Eczema?
    • When should seek help?

What is Eczema?

Eczema is a chronic skin condition that is commonly seen in children. It usually starts in childhood and may continue into adulthood. It can occur in adulthood for the first time, which is called adult-onset eczema. Even the elderly can suffer from eczema. During your lifetime, it can cause several flares and remissions, or it may go into total remission during the teenage years. It is a chronic long-term skin condition.

Eczema is also known as Atopic dermatitis. Atopy runs in families. Therefore, eczema can associate with Bronchial asthma, hay fever (allergic rhinitis), and allergic conjunctivitis (inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye). Usually, you may find a close relative or a family member suffering from one or more of these conditions.

Eczema is almost always itchy. Itching can be so intense, and it may even disturb your sleep. There are 2 types of Eczemas, wet and dry. In wet-type oozing occurs from lesions followed by crusting. The risk of infection is more in the wet type. The lesions can be raw and angry looking. The dry type has red patches that are associated with dry skin. Lesions can be scaly and cracked.

Constant scratching can gradually thicken the lesions. Sometimes continuous scratching occurs as a habit. You may feel that scratching is soothing and unknowingly may continue to scratch until it bleeds. This may increase the risk of infection as various germs can enter through damaged skin. Continuous scratching in eczema lesions can make it thick, discolored, and leathery.

How can Eczema be treated?

Is there any natural treatment for Eczema? Unfortunately, there is no cure for eczema. It can only be controlled. The aim is to prevent recurrent flares and control the skin condition in remission. Most often Eczema goes into total remission by teenage years and may never reappear.

As we know there are certain trigger factors that can cause and worsen your eczema. Identify these triggers early and avoid them as much as possible. Trigger factors may differ from person to person. Some of the examples for trigger factors include pollen, dust, smoking, fabric dyes, excessive sweating, certain foods, additives and preservatives, strong soaps, and detergents. You might observe that contact with some of these triggers may have a link with your eczema. If you identify triggers the best is to avoid them.

If you are a person living with eczema, you know what it is like to find some relief for your symptoms.

What are the symptoms of Eczema?

• Inflamed red skin
• Dry and sensitive skin
• Itching – which can be severe
• Oozing and crusting in wet type eczema
• Swelling due to inflammation
• Leathery, scaly, and thickened areas after continuous scratching
• Dark patches on the skin

Some of these symptoms are unbearable. Treatment should focus on reducing these symptoms and control the skin condition in remission.

What are the natural treatments for eczema?

Are there any natural treatments for Eczema? Probably you may have already tried a variety of natural products. Some may have worked. But unfortunately, some of them can leave your skin feeling more irritated and even drier.

Here are some tried and tested natural remedies for Eczema which can help to replenish moisture in your skin as well as protect the natural barrier of your skin.

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Colloidal Oatmeal –

Colloidal oatmeal means finely grounded oats which help to soften rough areas of skin and calm inflamed skin. This is a good natural treatment for eczema. You can buy colloidal oatmeal from a drug store or order online. If not, you can prepare your own by grinding oatmeal into a fine consistent powder.

Oatmeal bath for eczema – You may wonder whether this means bathing in a bathtub full of breakfast foods. However, this is not just oatmeal and warm water. Here, the oatmeal is ground into a fine powder which is called colloidal oatmeal. It is suspended in water.

There is a study done in 2012 which showed that colloidal oatmeal protects the skin and soothe the irritation and itching in eczema. The study also indicated that colloidal oatmeal could act as a buffer to help maintain the surface PH of your skin.

Preparation of an oatmeal bath –

• Run lukewarm water into a clean bathtub. Make sure it is warm and not hot because hot water can worsen inflamed skin and draw out moisture from your skin making it drier.
• Add a cup of colloidal oatmeal under the running tap. Mix well with your hand.
• Before getting in, make sure that bathwater is milky and warm.
• Soak for about 10 minutes in the bath. You should feel silky on your skin. This should relieve the itching of eczema too.
• Make sure not to soak too much as it can worsen itching and your eczema.
• Rinse off with fresh lukewarm water. Pat yourself dry with a soft towel. Do not rub yourself as it may worsen irritation and dryness.
• You can apply an emollient afterward to moisturize your skin.

Coconut Oil –

Coconut oil is extracted from harvested mature coconuts. It acts as a natural moisturizer and is a safe and effective natural treatment for eczema. About 50% of the fat content in coconut oil comes from Lauric acid. It is a healthy form of saturated fat, which is also found in breast milk. It has a myriad of health benefits when used topically on your skin or when taken orally.

National Eczema Association claims that coconut oil has antibacterial properties that prevent infection. It reduces staphylococcal bacteria in your skin. Eczematous skin, especially the wet type tends to get infected more, coconut oil can protect it. If you are suffering from eczema, you may notice that patches of inflamed skin can crack and ooze. This is ideal for bacteria to enter and cause infection.

You can apply coconut oil on your skin to obtain benefits such as.

• It is a natural moisturizer which is highly absorbable
• For its antimicrobial properties to protect your skin from infection – it is effective in reducing not only bacteria but also viruses and fungi.
• It hydrates your skin
• Reduces inflammation and pain because it has anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, coconut oil reduces itching and discomfort associated with your eczema.
• Reduces oxidative stress – A study that is reported in the Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research revealed that antioxidants can be beneficial in the treatment of atopic dermatitis/eczema. Virgin coconut oil is rich in antioxidants.

Make sure you choose virgin coconut oil or cold-pressed coconut oil which is processed without chemicals. Coconut oil may not cure your eczema, but it is effective to reduce eczema symptoms by soothing your skin and easing the irritation and itching.

However, here are some cautions.

• If you are allergic to coconuts, do not use its oil on your skin.
• If you are already on prescription medicines for your eczema, check with your doctor regarding using coconut oil as an adjunct to your treatment.

How do you use coconut oil?

Put a little bit of virgin coconut oil on your hands and rub them together. Apply liberally on your skin when it is slightly damp. You can use it twice a day. Having coconut oil on your skin overnight helps maximum absorption.

Evening Primrose Oil (EPO) –

Evening Primrose Oil is extracted from the seeds of the flower of the evening primrose plant. It can be used topically as well as orally for its healing benefits. When used topically, it can soothe your irritated skin. When taken orally, it can treat systemic inflammatory conditions like eczema.

Evening Primrose Oil contains Omega 6 fatty acids and gamma Linolenic acid which prevent inflammation in your body. It helps to reduce eczema symptoms without negative side effects. Some countries have approved Evening Primrose Oil as a treatment for eczema and other inflammatory skin conditions.

How to use it?

• 1 to 4 capsules can be taken by mouth twice a day for 3 months.
• Topically apply 20% Evening Primrose oil on affected areas of skin twice a day

However, research is not adequate, and many of these studies show mixed results. Evening Primrose Oil may work in some of you with eczema. Since side effects are rare, there is no harm in trying it as a natural remedy. But check with your doctor first before you start using it.

Witch Hazel –

Witch Hazel is an astringent or toner made from the leaves and bark of the Witch-hazel shrub. It is indigenous to the United States and it is used for centuries by Native Americans for many skin ailments. It has been used for many years as a topical treatment for eczema and other types of skin inflammation. It is known to soothe inflamed skin, relieve itching, and even dry up oozing lesions.

However, research on the effects of Witch hazel on eczema is rare.

How do you use it?

Witch Hazel can be bought in its pure form at local drug stores. You can apply it topically over the affected skin. Since the safety of this ingredient is not studied widely, it is always better to discuss with your dermatologist first.

Aloe vera gel –

It is derived from the leaves of the aloe vera plant. Aloe vera gel has antimicrobial, wound healing, and immune system boosting properties. It can be used to soothe eczematous skin.

Aloe vera gel can be bought in drug stores and online. You can even extract the gel yourself from the leaves of the plant. Applying aloe vera gel on your skin is found to be safe and effective in both children and adults.

Sunflower oil –

Sunflower oil is extracted from the sunflower seeds. Studies have shown that sunflower oil protects your skin’s outer layer (epidermis) which is the natural barrier.

It helps to keep the moisture in and prevents bacteria from entering. Sunflower oil is known to hydrate your skin. It can relieve itching and inflammation in eczematous skin.

How to use it?

You can apply undiluted sunflower oil directly on your skin, especially in affected areas. It absorbs well when your skin is still damp after a bath.

Calendula Oil and cream –

Calendula oil is a natural oil extracted from marigold flowers. It has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anti-fungal effects. It is a natural herbal remedy. Calendula has been used for centuries to heal skin inflammations as well as cuts and burns.

It is known to improve your blood circulation to areas of inflammation and injury. Calendula helps to hydrate skin and fights off skin infections.

It is available in local drug stores and online. It may work in some of you with eczema, although research is lacking in its effectiveness. It is generally safe to use. Avoid it, if you are allergic to Marigold plants and if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

There are some other natural remedies for eczema that you can try such as Acupuncture and Acupressure.

How are Acupuncture and Acupressure effective for treating eczema?

Acupuncture is an ancient Chinese medicine used to treat a variety of disease conditions. It has been studied and practiced for more than 2500 years. The acupuncture practice is done using fine needles which are inserted into specific points in your body. This triggering of certain points is known to alter the flow of energy. For some of you, the thought of getting needles inserted into your body may be terrifying, but some claim that it is effective in relieving their symptoms and it is not that painful. Research is not adequate for its effectiveness in treating eczema, however, some believe that it can relieve the itch.

Acupressure uses the hands and fingers of the therapist to apply pressure instead of using needles. This may also have relief against irritation and itching in eczema.

Bath therapy

Having a long bath twice a day helps to keep your skin hydrated. Make sure you apply an emollient soon after your bath to lock in moisture.

Practicing relaxation techniques to fight stress

Stress is a well-known trigger for eczema. Stress plays a role in developing inflammation not only on the skin but also in other parts of your body. So, if you learn to manage stress and cope with stressful situations in life, you can reduce eczema flare-ups.

Here are some relaxation techniques you can practice to reduce stress.

• Yoga – It is a way of life that can develop discipline, self- inquiry, and non- attachment in you. Yoga improves your health, flexibility, and empower you with conscious choices while fulfilling you with peace, clarity, and happiness.
• Meditation – Meditation is learning how to pay attention to mindfulness. It can give you a sense of calm, peace, and balance while improving your emotional health as well as your overall well- being.
• Cognitive-behavioral therapy – This is a therapy that identifies and changes potentially self- destructive and unhealthy behaviors.
• Deep breathing – Being mindful about your breathing pattern helps to relax your mind.
• Music therapy – Use of music to address physical, emotional, cognitive, and social needs. You can listen to melodies, play an instrument, write a song, or guided imagery as music therapy.
• Hypnosis – Hypnosis creates a state of focused attention during which positive suggestions and guided imagery are used to help the individual.
• Tai chi – It is a Chinese tradition with martial arts that involve slow movements and deep breaths.
• Visualization – Using art therapy and visual imagery as a way of positive communication.
• Biofeedback – Biofeedback is a type of therapy that uses sensors that are attached to your body to measure the key body functions. It helps to learn how your body works.
• Massage – it improves the blood flow to your skin. Massages are known to reduce stress and anxiety.

If you practice relaxation techniques regularly, your stress levels will fall. With time you will notice that there is an improvement in your skin too.

As you can see, there are many tried and tested natural remedies to treat eczema. They may not be effective for all especially if your eczema is widespread and severe. But for some of you, these natural treatments will work wonders in soothing your skin and reducing the symptoms of your eczema.

However, if you are on prescription medications for your eczema, it is better to check with your dermatologist or your doctor, before you try natural home remedies.

There are certain home remedies we can try to treat and to prevent eczema.

• Avoid strong soaps and detergents as they worsen eczema. Use mild soap when bathing. Pat dry your skin with a soft towel and never rub or wipe hard as it strips away the moisture of your skin.
• Moisturizing your skin well with a good emollient is a must. This must be done several times a day. You should choose an emollient which is paraben and alcohol-free with minimal fragrance. A few examples of ingredients in a good moisturizer are aqueous cream, cocoa butter, Shea butter, Argon oil, glycerol, Dimethicone, and Lanolin Oil. When you select a moisturizer always read the label and check for the ingredients. Avoid creams with ingredients that you are allergic to. Choose the best emollient which is suitable for your skin.
• Apply moisturizer after a bath when your skin is still damp. It helps to absorb and lock in the moisture.
• Scratching worsens your eczema. Eczema is known as “The itch that rashes”, that means the rash appears following itching and worsen once the person scratches. Therefore, you should avoid scratching by all means.

Natural treatment for eczema may not work for all. Usually, it is effective in mild forms of eczema. You may even combine natural treatments with other known treatment options. There is no harm in using an over the counter cream like hydrocortisone which is a mild steroid over the lesions. Using an over the counter antihistamine like Fexofenadine, Cetirizine, Loratadine or chlorpheniramine will reduce itching and your urge to scratch. Make sure that the dose of the medicine and frequency of administration is right.

If you live with eczema, avoid anything which can irritate or dry up your skin which can lead to a flare-up. Perfumes, wool clothing, tight-fitting clothes may be such irritants.

It is also known that food allergies are a common cause of eczema, especially in children. Common foods that are linked to eczema are eggs, soy, wheat, milk, seafood, and peanuts. Try to eliminate some of these and see whether there is an improvement in your eczema.

Why do people seek alternative treatments for eczema?

People tend to seek alternative treatment for eczema such as natural remedies because there is simply no cure for this disease, and no one knows the exact cause of eczema. The outcome of conventional eczema treatments may not be always consistent and not always perceived as safe. There are many side effects of long-term application of topical corticosteroids as well as oral medications used in eczema.

So, many of you with eczema may wonder what natural remedies have to offer when it comes to eczema management. Alternative medicines are natural remedies that people talk about and use, even though many of them are found not to work in research studies. In fact, some people claim that natural treatments have an impact on controlling their eczema. Therefore, one should carefully weigh the pros and cons before starting any natural treatment. The best is to discuss it with your doctor.

You can use natural products, creams, dietary, and lifestyle changes to control and prevent eczema flares, especially in the winter season when symptoms are at their worst. What you should remember is just like conventional treatments, natural remedies cannot cure eczema, but they can help to manage your symptoms to a certain extent and even prevent flares if you believe in them.

When should you seek help?

If your eczema doesn’t answer the home remedies and these natural treatments, you use or if it worsens with time and it worries you it is time to seek help. Your doctor will prescribe topical steroids as well as oral treatments to control the lesions. Always ask whether it is alright to continue the natural treatment methods along with the prescribed medicine.

References:

• https://www.healthline.com/health/natural-remedies-to-reduce-eczema-symptoms
• https://www.healthline.com/health/oatmeal-bath-for-eczema
• https://www.healthline.com/health/calendula-oil
• https://www.healthline.com/health/acupuncture-how-does-it-work-scientifically
• https://nationaleczema.org/alternative-treatments/